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Send me your favorite tip or trick and if it is good I'll put it up!
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Windows 95\98

New tips added July 24th 2000

Zip file of all tips & tricks here in MS Word format: Tips File

Run Scandisk and Defrag regularly... at least once a month!!!!!!!!

New Route to DOS Boot: Win98 changes the way you boot to a DOS prompt. Hold down the Ctrl key while your PC is booting. This takes you directly to the Boot Menu, including Safe Mode and "Boot to command prompt only."

Quit Task Scheduler Entirely: Stop Task Scheduler from running at startup: Open the Scheduled Tasks window and pick Advanced/Stop Using Task Scheduler.

If Windows fails to boot properly: press F8 while it boots for the Windows StartUp menu, and pick the Logged (\BOOTLOG.TXT) option. It attempts a normal boot but records the status of every step Windows takes during the process. You can use this option to log a failed boot. Then, reboot to Safe mode if necessary and use a text editor to open BOOTLOG.TXT (in your root directory). Search for "fail" to find the boot steps Windows had trouble with. Failed steps are often excellent clues to the cause of the problem.

If You Have Some Kind Of Mysterious Executable File: (EXE, DLL, OCX) on your system, right-click on it in Explorer, select Properties and click on the Version tab. This displays the version resource inside the file (if it has one), which normally includes the name of the company that created the file, the product the file is associated with, and the file's version number.

My Documents Folder Switch: You can make the Desktop's My Documents folder point to an existing folder. Right-click on the Desktop's My Documents folder, choose Properties, click on Browse and locate the desired folder. Highlight the folder and click on OK, then delete the My Documents folder from your C: drive.

Password Window: When you start Windows 98 does an annoying pop up "User/Password window" always display? Usually this means you've set a password on the PC during initial setup without knowing this User pop up window would then keep reappearing everytime you start your PC. If you don't share your computer with any other Users, do the following to make this window go away:

In the c:\Windows directory, search for a file with the extension of .pwl. Delete this file. Then reboot. This will reset the pop up User window to appear in a different format. The window will now say, "if you don't enter a password, this window will not appear again." The one instruction this User window neglects to give you is to press the Enter Key instead of pressing the OK button. When you reboot, the window will not reappear.

By going to the Control Panel in the future, you can always change to multiple Users by clicking on the User's Icon and following the instructions.

Manually Extract Windows Files: You can manually extract files from your Windows CD or IE setup CAB files, which can be very useful when your PC tells you KERNEL32.DLL or another system file has been corrupted. Win98's System File Checker (SFC.EXE in the \WINDOWS\SYSTEM folder) can automatically fix some corrupted files for you. But Win95 users can also make repairs using the DOS EXTRACT.EXE tool (in the \WINDOWS\COMMANDS folder). Type EXTRACT /? from a DOS window to view the syntax requirements and available options for using this tool. For more detailed information, see Microsoft's Web page "How to Extract Original Compressed Windows Files" at

http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q129/6/05.asp.

Yellow Sound Speaker: Did the little yellow speaker that controls audio volume disappear from your taskbar's system tray? If so, open the Multimedia Control Panel. Under the Audio tab, check the "Show volume control on the taskbar" option in the Playback section (in Win98, the option is at the bottom of the dialog box). Click on OK, and the yellow speaker should return. If not, try reinstalling your audio driver and then repeat these steps.

Make a Start-Up Disk from DOS: You may already know how to create a start-up disk: Control Panel >Add/Remove Programs > Startup Disk > Click Create Disk button. But sometimes you need a start-up disk when you can't get to Windows. Here's how to create one from DOS. First, make sure you've got a disk in your floppy drive, then type: cd windows\command and press Enter. Next, type: bootdisk a: and press Enter. Windows will format the disk, then copy the system and other required start-up files.

Customize the Windows Explorer Shortcut: If you get Properties for the Windows Explorer shortcut, the one that comes on your Start menu, you'll see that the command line reads: C:\Windows\EXPLORER.SCF. You probably wouldn't notice that or care about it unless you tried to customize the shortcut to open a folder in a special way using the switches available to the EXPLORER.EXE file. To customize Windows Explorer, change EXPLORER.SCF on the command line to EXPLORER.EXE. Then add the customization switches you prefer. The syntax for EXPLORER.EXE commands is:

Explorer [/n] [/e][,/root,object][[,/select],subobject]

(For object and subobject, insert a path statement to a specific directory on your PC, such as C:\Program Files.)

Here's a table that describes what each switch does. You may want to create multiple instances of the Windows Explorer shortcut to point at specific folders you commonly access on your PC. Please note, the commas shown in the left column are important to the functionality of these commands.

EXPLORER.EXE Switches Explained

{no switch} = Opens a one-pane folder window

/e = Opens a two-pane Explorer window

/n = Opens a new window even if the specified folder is already open in another folder.

/root, = Specifies the desktop as the object Windows will use as the root of a one-pane folder window

/e,root, = Specifies the desktop as the object Windows will use as the root of a two-pane Explorer window

/root,object = Specifies a target directory object that will be the root of the folder window.

/select = For one-pane folders, opens the parent folder of the specified folder and selects the specified folder.

/root,object,subobject = For two-pane folders, use with /e switch; opens a two-pane window to a specific directory, and selects a specific folder in that window.

Desktop On A Menu (Tip of the year): Most things you access on your PC available from a single cascading pop-up menu mounted conveniently as a "button" on the Taskbar. Think of it as putting your desktop and file system on a menu. When you click the button the tip creates, you'll see everything on your computer mounted on a pop-up menu, and as you pause your mouse pointer over "container objects," like My Documents or My Computer, a cascading submenu appears -- revealing all the drives, files, folders, programs, and other icons at that level. What's more, you can keep delving into lower levels of your PC, so you can reach every single folder and file on your every drive of your computer, including CDs and ZIP drives, even network volumes. There's really only one catch: You have to have Internet Explorer 5.0 installed.

The Desktop on a Menu tip takes only a few seconds to configure. Right-click any empty part of the Taskbar. Select Toolbars > New Toolbar from the context menu. Scroll upward, click on the Desktop icon, and click OK.

The new toolbar will immediately spread out across your Taskbar, using all the available space. And it's kind of ugly at first, but we're not done -- and this is the tricky part. Grab the handle just to the left of the desktop label and slide it as far to the right as it will go, so all you see is the word "Desktop" followed by the chevron (>>), which indicates there are more items available but not currently visible.

With that done, all you have to remember to do is click the double greater-than symbols of the chevron beside the word "Desktop" on your taskbar. That opens the powerful pop-up menu.

Note: This tip can be used for any folder, drive, or Windows structure you find in the New Toolbar selection dialog, including Control Panel, Printers, My Documents, My Computer, Dial-Up Networking. The two we like best are Desktop and My Documents.

Freeing Up Some System Resources -- (Win 98): I've found this to be a highly useful tool in freeing up some of my system resources (RAM) under Windows '98 (it won't work in '95). Go to Start, Run, and type 'msconfig' at the prompt. Click on the tab labeled Startup. This will display a list of all the backgound programs started when Windows boots up. Some of them (Findfast and Office Startup for me) are unnecessary and hinder overall performance.

If a system file gets damaged: you can extract a fresh copy. Launch the System File Checker from System Information's Tools menu. Click on the "Extract one file from installation disk" radio button, type the full file name and click on Start. Type x:\WIN98 (where x is your CD-ROM drive) in the Restore From box, enter the destination in the Save File In box and click on OK.

Document Your Configuration: -- (Win 98)Be prepared for a system problem before it happens: Use MSINFO (C:\PROGRAM FILES\COMMON FILES\MICROSOFT SHARED\MSINFO\MSINFO32.EXE) to save a system configuration "snapshot" to a floppy disk. Refresh the file whenever you install or uninstall hardware or software.

Find Out Exactly What A Program Does When You Install: it by using the System File Checker's log feature. After installing a program, open the log by launching the System Information utility (Start/Programs/Accessories/System Tools/System Information), choosing System File Checker from the Tools menu, clicking on the Settings button and then on the View Log button. The log will tell you exactly which files were added to your computer and which were updated with a newer version.

Always Open TXT Files In Wordpad: rather than Notepad. Click once on any TXT file, then hold down the Shift key and right-click on the file. Choose Open With from the pop-up menu, scroll through the list of programs and choose WordPad. Check the box labeled "Always use this program to open this type of file" before you click on OK.

Allocate More or Less RAM For Caching Data From The CD-ROM Drive: In Control Panel/System/Performance, select File System and the CD-ROM tab. Move the Supplemental Cache Size slider to the right to allocate more RAM for caching data from the CD-ROM drive, or to the left to allocate less. Multimedia programs perform better with a smaller cache because they seldom reuse data. For reading continuous data, such as AVI files, use a higher setting for Optimize Access Pattern. For reading random data, increase the Supplemental Cache Size and decrease the Optimize Access Pattern.

Print Documents Without Opening Them: by adding your printer to the Win9x SendTo menu (accessed when you highlight and right-click on any file in a Windows Explorer or My Computer window). Open C:\WINDOWS\SENDTO and create a shortcut there for your printer. Your printer will now appear the next time you access the SendTo menu.

Print Out All The Fonts On Your System: by opening Control Panel, double-clicking the Fonts icon, then on the font of your choice and clicking on the Print button.

Set Win98 Default Folder Attributes: Microsoft gave us a whole new way to set folder defaults in Windows 98. Open the folder for your C: drive, and without opening any other folders, arrange and configure it exactly as you'd like all your folders to appear. When you've got the C: drive folder the way you like it, choose View, Folder Options, and click the View tab. Next, press the Like Current Folder button to create the new default setting, which will be permanent (unless you hit the Reset All Folders button). You'll notice that when you deviate individual folders from these settings, those folders will retain the changed settings as long as you have "Remember each folder's view settings" checked under Advanced settings. If you want them all to look exactly the same no matter what, remove the check beside Remember Each folder's View Settings. Note: Some people report that their systems do not retain certain views, such as the Details view. But on my PCs, I have found that following these steps correctly does, in fact, make Details and other settings the default.

Set Win95 Default Folder Attributes: Win95 has trouble retaining default folder and Explorer window settings -- such as size, position, sort order, toolbar status and display type (large icons, details and so on). Here's an imperfect solution that may last weeks or months on your system. (On some people's systems, it may not work properly at all.) Open the folder for your C: drive, and without opening any other folders, arrange and configure it exactly as you'd like all your folders to appear. When you're ready to set the default, press Ctrl+Alt+Shift while you click the close box in the upper right-hand corner of the window. There's a limit to the number of specific folder instances Win95 can remember, so eventually your setting may roll off the list. Just repeat the steps to restore your settings.

If you've ever wondered which DLL files a program uses: here's how to find out: Right-click on the executable file and select QuickView. In the QuickView file, find the Import Table category. You'll see a list of DLLs the file uses, with additional details below the name of each DLL.

If Windows insists you start in Safe Mode, or if you're having some kind of hardware conflict: you want to make for the Device Manager fast. The trouble is, its hidden away under Control Panel's System option, or in a right-click menu under My Computer. To load it quickly, hold down the Window key on a 104-key keyboard and press the Pause/Break key. This brings up the System Properties box; click on the Device Manager tab, and you're there.

Keep a bootable copy of Win98 handy: for emergencies. Format a floppy disk with the option to copy system files. Copy C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\SCANREG.EXE and C:\WINDOWS\HIMEM.SYS to the disk; add the line DEVICE=A:\HIMEM.SYS to a CONFIG.SYS file on the disk. You'll be able to boot from the diskette and use the command "scanreg/restore" to restore the Registry on an unbootable configuration.

Reinstalling Windows: over itself doesn't always cure many of the problems users are hoping to cure. When Setup finds previous registry files it doesn't replace the registry, so any problem there would still remain. Removing the SYSTEM.DAT and SYSTEM.DA0 files from your Windows folder before reinstalling is usually enough to solve whatever problem you're experiencing. You may also, however, need to remove the USER.DAT and USER.DA0 files, but that will require you to reinstall most of your applications too.

Win98 has a tool that makes this a lot easier: SCANREG /RESTORE (boot to DOS and type that on command line). Scanreg automatically saves 5 copies of your registry and lets you restore them if you suspect a Registry corruption.

Win98 comes with a handy way to check your Registry for errors: Launch the Microsoft System Information (MSI) utility from Start/Accessories/System Tools/System Information, then select the Registry Checker from the Tools menu.

Shortcuts For Launching Your 10 Favorite Apps : If you don't use the number keys on the numeric keypad, you can use them as single-click keyboard shortcuts for launching your 10 favorite apps. Start by pressing the Num Lock key if it isn't already on. Next, right-click on an existing program shortcut and choose Properties. Open the Shortcut tab. Click once inside the Shortcut Key field, press the number key that you want to associate with the program, then click on OK. Repeat the steps for each app. For Internet Explorer, you'll have to make a shortcut to the Desktop icon first, then follow the same steps using the new shortcut. If your Num Lock key isn't turned on by default, check your system's BIOS setup for a Num Lock default setting.

Cascading Control Panel: Microsoft hasn't made it as easy to access the Control Panel as it should have (well, they do in Windows 2000). But in about 30 seconds, you can make Control Panel cascade from your Start menu simply and easily. That means you'll be able to open Add/Remove Programs, for example, without having to open or later close the Control Panel folder. And with this tip, even if programs add Control Panel applets, they'll show up automatically in the cascading menu. Or another way to say that is that it updates dynamically.

  1. Highlight the whole line below (but not the trailing blank space) and then press Ctrl+C to copy it. Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}
  2. Right-click the Start button and choose Open.
  3. Right-click anywhere on the background area in the START MENU folder and choose New/Folder. Highlight the New Folder label, and press Ctrl+V to paste the long name you copied.
  4. Press Enter. Open the Start menu to see the new cascading Control Panel. Another great way to access frequently used Control Panels is to just make shortcuts of individual applets on Start, your Desktop or wherever you need them.
  5. It works on Win95, Win98 and SE, NT4 and Win2000.

The Properties For Multiple Hard : Here's an easy way to view the properties for multiple hard drives all at once. Open My Computer and select all your hard drives by holding down the Ctrl key and clicking on each drive. Next, right-click on any one of the drives and choose Properties from the Context menu that appears; Windows will create a single dialog with tabs for each drive. It also works for floppy, removable and mapped network drives.

Launch the Microsoft System Information (MSI): utility from Start/Accessories/System Tools/System Information, click through each item and look for the message, "This device has a problem." If you see it, check into the problem and seek a remedy.

MS-Info: Windows 95/98 comes with a utility called MS-Info that tells you more about your computer than you'll ever want to know. It lists detailed information on all your DLLs, drivers, fonts, memory, hardware and much more. Just launch the Find utility (Start/Find/Files or Folders) and search for the executable: MSINFO32.EXE.

Eliminate tedious right-clicks: and menu selections when you create a new folder by pressing Alt+FWF instead within any My Computer, Network Neighborhood or Explorer window (press Alt+FNF for Windows 98). The folder appears instantly, highlighted and ready for naming. P.S. ALT+FNT for a new text file!

Skip Character Map: altogether on characters you frequently use, and use their keyboard shortcuts instead. The Character Map applet shows the shortcut for each character you select. The e character, for example, has a keyboard shortcut, Alt+0233. To insert a special character this way, turn on Num Lock and hold down the Alt key while you type the shortcut number using your keyboard's number pad.

Extract Original Compressed Windows Files : You can manually extract files from your Windows CD or IE setup CAB files, which can be very useful when your PC tells you KERNEL32.DLL or another system file has been corrupted. Win98's System File Checker (SFC.EXE in the \WINDOWS\SYSTEM folder) can automatically fix some corrupted files for you. But Win95 users can also make repairs using the DOS EXTRACT.EXE tool (in the \WINDOWS\COMMANDS folder). Type EXTRACT /? From a DOS window to view the syntax requirements and available options for using this tool. For more detailed information, see Microsoft's Web page "How to Extract Original Compressed Windows Files"!

File Types: Power users, it's time to get really familiar with your File Types dialog. This is where you can turbocharge Windows and customize the way it works for you. Launch My Computer, select Options from the View menu and click on the File Types tab. Scroll down the list of file types, highlight a file that you use a lot (an HTM file, text file or e-mail file, for example) and click on the Edit button. In the dialog box that comes up, you can change the icon for that file type, add extensions of the same file type, put items on the Context menu, enable QuickView and much more.

The items on your Documents menu: (Start/Documents) are really just shortcuts in your C:\WINDOWS\RECENT folder. You can selectively delete items there by opening the folder and deleting the shortcuts you don't want.

System's use of memory : If you ever want to know what's happening with your system's use of memory, just select Start/Run and type MEM.

Think there's not much to know about Notepad?: Think again. For example, you can insert the current time and date in Notepad just by pressing F5. Or, if you want to log the date and time automatically each time you open a Notepad file, type .LOG on the first line, then save and close the file. Every time you open the file thereafter, the current date and time will be recorded in it.

Prevent Win9x from prompting for a password at start-up: assuming you're not using User Profiles and you're not connected to a network. Launch the Network applet from Control Panel. On the Configuration tab, select Windows Logon from the Primary Network Logon drop-down menu. Click on OK and, when you are prompted to restart Windows, click No. Next, launch the Passwords applet from the Control Panel, and click on the Change Windows Password button. In the Change Windows Password dialog, type your current Windows password in the Old Password box. Leave both the New Password and the Confirm New Password boxes blank, click on OK and then click on OK to confirm. Select the User Profiles tab and select "All users of this PC use the same preferences and Desktop settings." Click on Close and restart Windows. You must restart Windows to execute these changes and have them take effect.

Documents default:Here's how to tell any application where to look for documents and where to save them by default: Find the shortcut to the app on your Desktop or Start menu (for the Start menu shortcuts, right-click on the Start button and select open, then drill your way to the shortcut). Right-click on the shortcut and select Properties. Click on the Shortcut tab. Now type the path to the folder of your choice in the Start In box (notice the quotation marks).

.Bmp to .Ico: Take any .BMP file, rename it to give it an .ICO extension, and voila! Instant icon. You access the file in the normal way: Right-click on the current icon for a shortcut, select Properties from the Context menu, select the Shortcut tab and click on the Change Icon button. Now use the Browse button to find your new one.

If you forget your Win95 password: just press Escape at the password box, bring up the MS-DOS Prompt and enter dir *.PWL at the WINDOWS folder to find your .PWL files. Delete the one with your name in front of it. Restart your system and enter a new password when prompted.

Restarting Win9x: is normally a four-step process (click on the Start button, select Shut Down, click on the "Restart the computer?" button and then click on OK). You can make it a one-step process by creating an icon on your desktop that restarts Win9x. Open Notepad and type @exit. Close the document and give it a name with a .BAT extension. Now stash the file somewhere on your hard disk. Create a shortcut to the file by using the right mouse button to drag it to the Desktop and then selecting Create Shortcut(s) Here. Right-click on the shortcut and select Properties. Click on the Program tab and select the Close on Exit box. Now click on the Advanced button and make sure "MS-DOS mode" is selected and "Warn before entering MS-DOS mode" is not selected. Click on the OK button twice. Give your new shortcut a unique icon and name. From now on, whenever you double-click on the icon, Win9x will restart, no questions asked.

Quick Shutdown Icon: Right click your desktop, choose New and Shortcut, type in: C:\windows\rundll.exe user.exe,exitwindows, click Next and name the new shortcut "Quick Shutdown".

Windows fails to boot properly: press F8 for the Windows StartUp menu, and pick the Logged (\BOOTLOG.TXT) option. It attempts a normal boot but records the status of every step Windows takes during the process. You can use this option to log a failed boot. Then, reboot to Safe mode if necessary and use a text editor to open BOOTLOG.TXT (in your root directory). Search for "fail" to find the boot steps Windows had trouble with. Failed steps are often excellent clues to the cause of the problem.

To determine which version of DirectX is installed: on your Win9x PC, look for DXTOOL.EXE or DXINFO.EXE in your C:\PROGRAM FILES\DIRECTX\SETUP folder. If you can't find them, use Start/Find/Files or Folders to search your hard drive. When you double-click on either one of these programs, you'll get version info; the DXTOOL.EXE file makes the info easier to read, but the other file gives more info. Older versions of DirectX may not include these tools, but all recent versions (4.x and newer) have them. As of this writing, DirectX 6.1 is available. Win98 users can snag the newest version from http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com. DirectX can also be obtained from Microsoft's web site at http://www.microsoft.com/directx/default.asp.

Wrong Association: Ever encounter an application that designates itself as the default program for a file extension previously owned by another program? The quickest way to get out of this jam under Win9x is to find an example of an incorrectly associated file. Click on the file once to select it, then hold down the Shift key while you right-click on it. Choose Open With. Select the correct program, check the "Always use this program to open this type of file" box and click on OK. Or, if you don't find the program, click on the Other button and navigate to the correct program on your drive.

Fonts: Print out all the fonts on your system by opening Control Panel, double-clicking the Fonts icon, then on the font of your choice and clicking on the Print button.

Safe Mode with CD Rom: Safe Mode is great for troubleshooting system problems, but you normally can't access your CD-ROM drive this way. Here's the secret: Restart your PC and hold down the Ctrl key to get to the Startup menu. Choose Command Prompt Only, type win /d:m at the prompt and press Enter; Windows will start in Safe Mode with the CD-ROM drivers. If you still can't access your CD-ROM drive, it means your real-mode CD-ROM drivers aren't installed. For installation instructions, send an e-mail message to mshelp@microsoft.com with Q190303 in the Subject line and nothing in the body of the message. Microsoft's automated help system will send back the instructions.

Here's a secret tip for creating a shortcut to the Device Manager: Right-click on the Desktop and choose New/Shortcut. Type C:\WINDOWS\CONTROL.EXE SYSDM.CPL,,1 in the Command Line box and click on Next. Name it Device Manager (or another name of your choice), then click on the Finish button. Assign a new icon to the shortcut as you would any other.

Important files to backup: before messing around with your settings and when your computer is running fine, you should backup certain important files to a diskette: In the root directory there are Autoexec.bat, Autoexec.dos, Config.sys, Config.dos, Config.win, Command.com, Io.sys, Msdos.sys. In the Windows folder there are Control.ini, progman.ini, System.dat, System.ini, User.dat, Win.ini.

System Configuration Utility: gives you total control over your system startup and INI files and many other fine points of the OS. Go to C:\Windows\System\Mscongig.exe and make a shortcut to it and place it on your desktop or wherever you like!

Startup Menu: To get to the startup menu when you first boot up the computer, for safe mode or command prompt, hold down the Ctrl key when you first see any text on the screen during boot.

Startup Menu 2: If you wish to force Windows to go to the Startup menu each time you boot up the computer you must edit the MSDOS.sys file. Go to the root directory (C:\) find the MSDOS.sys file (you must be able to see all files even hidden), open it with Notepad, find the line Bootmenu=0 and change the 0 to a 1. If the line does not exist just type it in Bootmenu=1 in the [Options] section.

Faster Startup: Speed up the boot process by telling windows no to search for your floppy drive. Right click "My Computer", choose "Properties", select the "Performance Tab", click "File System Button", then on "Floppy Disk Tab", deselect the " Search for new floppy disk drives each time your computer starts".

Find: Click anywhere on the desktop and press the F3 key. If you do this in Explorer it will start at the currently open folder!

Windows Crash: If Ctrl+Alt+Del fails to bring up the Close Program dialogue then try Ctrl+Esc!

Windows 3.1 File Manager: If you like this look better than just make a shortcut to C:\Windiws\Winfile.exe.

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Mail to:kikker@wave.home.com